如何让PyQt5中QWebEngineView与JavaScript交互

脚本专栏 2024/11/8 佚名

3 2 1

准备工作

开发环境

Python 3.8.1
Windows 10

安装依赖

pip install PyQt5
pip install PyQtWebEngine

Python端

1.使用QWebChannel的registerObject（"JsBridge名","JsBridge"）方法注册回调

JsBridge名：在JavaScript中调用时使用的对象名称
JsBridge：被JavaScript调用的Python对象

2.JsBridge 对象

入参

@QtCore.pyqtSlot(str)
def log(self, message):
  print(message)

出参

@QtCore.pyqtSlot(result=str)
def getName(self):
  return "hello"

出入参

@QtCore.pyqtSlot(str, result=str)
def test(self, message):
  print(message)
  return "ok"

JavaScript端

在Html的<head>中添加

<script src='qrc:///qtwebchannel/qwebchannel.js'></script>

调用

new QWebChannel(qt.webChannelTransport, function(channel) {
   channel.objects.pythonBridge.test("hello",function(arg) {
     console.log("Python message: " + arg);
     alert(arg);
   });
 });

调试(Chrome DevTools)

配置环境变量：QTWEBENGINE_REMOTE_DEBUGGING = port
使用Chromium内核的浏览器打开地址：http://127.0.0.1:port
使用PyCharm中可以在运行配置(Run/Debug Configurations)中的Environment variables中添加环境变量,用;号分隔，然后可以直接运行。

Demo

Python

1.JsBridge

from PyQt5 import QtCore

class JsBridge(QtCore.QObject):
  @QtCore.pyqtSlot(str, result=str)
  def test(self, message):
    print(message)
    return "ok"

2.Application

from PyQt5 import QtCore
from PyQt5 import QtWebEngineWidgets
from PyQt5.QtCore import QDir
from PyQt5.QtWebChannel import QWebChannel
from PyQt5.QtWebEngineWidgets import QWebEngineView
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *

class TestWindow(QMainWindow):
  def __init__(self):
    super().__init__()
    self.webView = QWebEngineView()
    self.webView.settings().setAttribute(
      QtWebEngineWidgets.QWebEngineSettings.JavascriptEnabled, True)

    channel = QWebChannel(self.webView.page())
    self.webView.page().setWebChannel(channel)
    self.python_bridge = JsBridge(None)
    channel.registerObject("pythonBridge", self.python_bridge)
    layout = QVBoxLayout()
    layout.addWidget(self.webView)
    widget = QWidget()
    widget.setLayout(layout)
    self.setCentralWidget(widget)

    self.resize(900, 600)
    self.setWindowTitle('Test')
    qr = self.frameGeometry()
    cp = QDesktopWidget().availableGeometry().center()
    qr.moveCenter(cp)
    self.move(qr.topLeft())
    self.show()
    html_path = QtCore.QUrl.fromLocalFile(QDir.currentPath() + "/assets/index.html")
    self.webView.load(html_path)

if __name__ == '__main__':
  app = QApplication(sys.argv)
  m = TestWindow()
  sys.exit(app.exec_())

JavaScript

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no">
  <title>Test</title>
  <script src='qrc:///qtwebchannel/qwebchannel.js'></script>
  <script src="/UploadFiles/2021-04-08/jquery-3.4.1.min.js">


本文作者： liaoheng

本文链接： https://liaoheng.me/2019/12/23/PyQt5-QWebEngineView与JavaScript交互/

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