Python Scrapy框架：通用爬虫之CrawlSpider用法简单示例

脚本专栏 2024/11/8 佚名

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本文实例讲述了Python Scrapy框架：通用爬虫之CrawlSpider用法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

步骤01: 创建爬虫项目

scrapy startproject quotes

步骤02: 创建爬虫模版

scrapy genspider -t quotes quotes.toscrape.com

步骤03: 配置爬虫文件quotes.py

import scrapy
from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule
from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor

class Quotes(CrawlSpider):
 # 爬虫名称
  name = "get_quotes"
  allow_domain = ['quotes.toscrape.com']
  start_urls = ['http://quotes.toscrape.com/']

# 设定规则
  rules = (
    # 对于quotes内容页URL，调用parse_quotes处理，
    # 并以此规则跟进获取的链接
    Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r'/page/\d+'), callback='parse_quotes', follow=True),
    # 对于author内容页URL，调用parse_author处理，提取数据
    Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r'/author/\w+'), callback='parse_author')
  )

# 提取内容页数据方法
  def parse_quotes(self, response):
    for quote in response.css(".quote"):
      yield {'content': quote.css('.text::text').extract_first(),
          'author': quote.css('.author::text').extract_first(),
          'tags': quote.css('.tag::text').extract()
          }
 # 获取作者数据方法

  def parse_author(self, response):
    name = response.css('.author-title::text').extract_first()
    author_born_date = response.css('.author-born-date::text').extract_first()
    author_bron_location = response.css('.author-born-location::text').extract_first()
    author_description = response.css('.author-description::text').extract_first()

    return ({'name': name,
         'author_bron_date': author_born_date,
         'author_bron_location': author_bron_location,
         'author_description': author_description
         })

步骤04: 运行爬虫