python实现ftp文件传输系统(案例分析)

脚本专栏 2024/11/8 佚名

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最近做了一个简单的文件传输系统，基于ftp协议，使用python语言开发，虽然python里面已经有ftplib模块，可以很容易的实现ftp服务器。这次我使用的是socket实现client与ftp server之间的通讯和文件传输，client另起一个flask服务器，用于用户在浏览器端的交互。系统实现的功能有：用户登录注册，用户查看ftp服务器端文件和下载上传删除操作，支持多进程、多用户。

一，登录注册

该项目使用的是mongo数据库，其实用户登录注册功能很好实现，没有什么技术细节，这里就略过了。数据库管理代码如下：

import pymongo
from pymongo.collection import Collection
class DBManager(object):
 def __init__(self):
  client = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017/")
  self.db = client["FTPDB"]
  self.users = self.db['user']
 #保存用户登录信息
 def saveUserInfo(self,account,password):
  users = self.users.find()
  for item in users:
   accountDB = item['account']
   if accountDB == account:
    return "false"
  data = []
  userInfo = {}
  userInfo['account'] = account
  userInfo['password'] = password
  data.append(userInfo)
  collection = Collection(self.db,"user")
  collection.insert(data)
  return "true"
 def confirmUserLoginInfo(self,account,password):
  users = self.users.find()
  '''
   result状态： 1：表示初始状态，即不存在用户
      2：表示存在该用户、密码不正确
      3：验证成功
  '''
  result = 1
  for item in users:
   accountDB = item['account']
   passwordDB = item['password']
   if accountDB == account:
    if passwordDB == password:
     result = 3
    else:
     result = 2
  return result

前端注册js代码如下：

function register() {
 account = $("#account").val();
 password = $("#password").val();
 confirmPassword = $("#confirmPassword").val();
 if(account == null || password == null || confirmPassword == null){
  alert("请先输入必要信息")
  return;
 }
 if(password != confirmPassword){
  alert("密码不一致");
  return;
 }
 var request = {
  type:"register",
  account:account,
  password:password
 }
 sendData("http://localhost:8080/register",request)
}
//向服务器发送数据
function sendData(url,json) {
 $.ajax({
  url: url, //请求的url地址
  dataType: "json", //返回格式为json
  async: true, //请求是否异步，默认为异步，这也是ajax重要特性
  data: json, //参数值
  type: "post", //请求方式
  success:function(data){
   //alert(data)
   if(data.toString() == "false"){
    alert("用户名已存在");
   }else{
    window.location.href = "http://localhost:8080/index";
   }
  },
  error:function (error) {
   console.log(error);
  }
 });
}

二，文件管理(文件查看、删除、上传、下载)

客户端与服务器端约定命令格式，服务器通过解析客户端命令来执行操作。

server.py
from socket import *
import os,sys
import signal
import time
# 全局变量
HOST = '0.0.0.0'
PORT = 8686
ADDR = (HOST,PORT)
FILE_PATH = '../serverFiles/'
# 处理僵尸进程
signal.signal(signal.SIGCHLD,signal.SIG_IGN)
# 服务端功能类
class Server(object):
 def __init__(self):
  self.connfd = ""
 def do_list(self,account):
  # 获取文件列表
  file_list = os.listdir(FILE_PATH+account)
  if not file_list:
   self.connfd.send("服务器文件库为空".encode())
   return
  else:
   self.connfd.send(b"OK")
   time.sleep(0.1)
  files = ""
  for file in file_list:
   if file[0] != '.' and os.path.isfile(FILE_PATH + account +"/"+ file):
    files += file + '#'
  self.connfd.send(files.encode())
 def delete(self,accout,fileName):
  os.remove(FILE_PATH + accout + "/" + fileName)
  self.connfd.send(b"OK")
  time.sleep(0.1)
 def do_get(self,account,filename):
  try:
   fd = open(FILE_PATH + account +"/"+ filename,'rb')
  except IOError:
   self.connfd.send("文件不存在".encode())
   return
  else:
   #print("发送OK")
   self.connfd.send(b'OK')
   time.sleep(0.1)
  # 发送文件内容
  while True:
   data = fd.read(1024)
   if not data:
    time.sleep(0.1)
    self.connfd.send(b'##')
    break
   #print("正在发送数据")
   self.connfd.send(data)
  fd.close()
 def do_put(self,account,filename):
  if os.path.exists(FILE_PATH + account +"/"+ filename):
   self.connfd.send('该文件已存在'.encode())
   return
  fd = open(FILE_PATH + account +"/"+ filename,'wb')
  self.connfd.send(b'OK')
  # 接收文件内容
  while True:
   data = self.connfd.recv(1024)
   if data == b'**':
    break
   fd.write(data)
  fd.close()
 def socket_tcp(self):
  s = socket()
  s.setsockopt(SOL_SOCKET,SO_REUSEADDR,True)
  s.bind(ADDR)
  s.listen(5)
  print("Listen the port 8686...")
  return s
 def do_request(self,connfd):
  self.connfd = connfd
  while True:
   data = connfd.recv(1024).decode()
   datas = data.split(' ')
   if not data or datas[1] == 'QUIT@#':
    connfd.close()
    return
   elif datas[1] == "LIST@#":
    #print("list")
    self.do_list(datas[0])
   elif datas[1] == 'GET@#':
    filename = datas[-1]
    self.do_get(datas[0],filename)
   elif datas[1] == 'PUT@#':
    filename = datas[-1]
    self.do_put(datas[0],filename)
   elif datas[1] == 'delete@#':
    filename = datas[-1]
    self.delete(datas[0],filename)
 def run(self):
  # 创建套接字
  s = self.socket_tcp()
  while True:
   try:
    connfd,addr = s.accept()
   except KeyboardInterrupt:
    sys.exit("服务器退出")
   except Exception as e:
    print(e)
    continue
   print("Connect from",addr)
   # 创建子进程
   pid = os.fork()
   if pid == 0:
    s.close()
    self.do_request(connfd) #处理客户端具体请求
    os._exit(0)
   else:
    connfd.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
 server = Server()
 server.run()
client.py
"""
 client.py
"""
import socket
import os,sys
import time
# 服务器地址
ADDR = ("127.0.0.1",8686)
FILE_PATH = "./clientFiles/"
# 客户端功能类
class Client(object):
 def __init__(self,account):
  self.sockfd = ""
  self.account = account
 #获得服务器文件列表
 def server_list(self):
  ftpServerFiles = []
  self.sockfd.send((self.account+' LIST@# ').encode())
  # 等待回复
  data = self.sockfd.recv(128).decode()
  if data == "OK":
   files = self.sockfd.recv(4096).decode()
   for file in files.split('#'):
    #print(file)
    ftpServerFiles.append(file)
  else:
   # 无法完成操作
   print(data)
  ftpServerFiles = ftpServerFiles[:-1]
  return ftpServerFiles
 #获得用户文件夹列表
 def client_list(self):
  # 获取文件列表
  userFiles = []
  file_list = os.listdir(FILE_PATH+self.account+"/")
  if not file_list:
   return
  else:
   time.sleep(0.1)
  files = ""
  for file in file_list:
   if file[0] != '.' and os.path.isfile(FILE_PATH + self.account + "/" + file):
    userFiles.append(file)
  return userFiles
 #退出
 def do_quit(self):
  self.sockfd.send((self.account+' QUIT@# ').encode())
  self.sockfd.close()
  sys.exit('谢谢使用')
 #用户下载服务器文件
 def do_get(self,filename):
  self.sockfd.send((self.account+' GET@# '+filename).encode())
  data = self.sockfd.recv(128).decode()
  if data == 'OK':
   fd = open(FILE_PATH + self.account + "/" + filename,'wb')
   #复写
   while True:
    data = self.sockfd.recv(1024)
    if data == b'##':
     #print("##")
     break
    #print("正在写入数据")
    fd.write(data)
   fd.close()
  else:
   print(data)
 #用户将文件上传到服务器文件夹
 def do_put(self,filename):
  try:
   fd = open(FILE_PATH + self.account + "/" + filename,'rb')
  except IOError:
   print("文件不存在")
   return
  # 获取文件名
  filename = filename.split('/')[-1]
  # else:
  self.sockfd.send((self.account+' PUT@# '+filename).encode())
  data = self.sockfd.recv(128).decode()
  # 发送文件
  if data == 'OK':
   while True:
    data = fd.read(1024)
    if not data:
     time.sleep(0.1)
     self.sockfd.send(b'**')
     break
    self.sockfd.send(data)
   fd.close()
   return "true"
  else:
   print(data)
   return "false"
 #删除用户文件
 def removeU(self,fileName):
  os.remove(FILE_PATH + self.account + "/" + fileName)
  return "true"
 #删除用户文件
 def removeF(self,fileName):
  self.sockfd.send((self.account+' delete@# '+fileName).encode())
  # 等待回复
  data = self.sockfd.recv(128).decode()
  if data == "OK":
   return "true"
 def menu_display(self):
  print("\n------命令选择-------")
  print("*** clist  ***")
  print("*** slist  ***")
  print("*** get list  ***")
  print("*** put list  ***")
  print("*** quit  ***")
  print("----------------------")
 def run(self,cmd):
  # 创建套接字
  sockfd = socket.socket()
  try:
   sockfd.connect(ADDR)
  except Exception as e:
   print(e)
   return
  result = ""
  self.sockfd = sockfd
  # choice(cmd,ftp)
  if cmd == "slist":
   result = self.server_list()
   return result
  elif cmd == "clist":
   result = self.client_list()
   return result
  elif cmd =='quit':
   self.do_quit()
  elif cmd[:3] == 'get':
   filename = cmd.strip().split(' ')[-1]
   self.do_get(filename)
  elif cmd[:3] == 'put':
   filename = cmd.strip().split(' ')[-1]
   result = self.do_put(filename)
   return result
  elif cmd[:7] == 'removeU':
   filename = cmd.strip().split(' ')[-1]
   self.removeU(filename)
  elif cmd[:7] == 'removeF':
   filename = cmd.strip().split(' ')[-1]
   self.removeF(filename)
  else:
   print("请输入正确命令！")
if __name__ == "__main__":
 client = Client("ffy")
 client.run()

运行界面：