django-rest-swagger对API接口注释的方法

脚本专栏 2024/11/20 佚名

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Swagger是一个API开发者的工具框架，用于生成、描述、调用和可视化RESTful风格的Web服务。总体目标是使客户端和文件系统服务器以同样的速度来更新，方法，参数和模型紧密集成到服务器端的代码中，允许API始终保持同步。

在使用 django-rest-framework 进行API开发，可以使用django-rest-swagger接入swagger自动生成接口文档。

1. 安装django-rest-swagger

pip install django-rest-swagger

2.配置settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
 ...

 'rest_framework_swagger'

 ...
]

3. views.py

该博文的项目是django-rest-framework中文站点的例子：https://q1mi.github.io/Django-REST-framework-documentation

当需要对接口的各种方法进行注释时，直接在该类下添加注释，如下所示。需要注意是的：注释的方法名称（如 get、post）要对应该类所含的方法名称

class SnippetList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
 """
 get:
 Return all snippets.
 post:
 Create a new snippet instance.
 """

 queryset = Snippet.objects.all()
 serializer_class = SnippetSerializer
 permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly,)

 def perform_create(self, serializer):
 serializer.save(owner=self.request.user)


class SnippetDetail(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView):
 """
 get:
 Return a snippet instance.
 put:
 Update a snippet instance.
 patch:
 Update a snippet instance.
 delete:
 Delete a snippet instance.
 """
 queryset = Snippet.objects.all()
 serializer_class = SnippetSerializer
 permission_classes = (permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly, IsOwnerOrReadOnly,)


class UserList(generics.ListAPIView):
 """
 get:
 Return all users
 """
 queryset = MyUser.objects.all()
 serializer_class = UserSerializer


class UserDetail(generics.RetrieveAPIView):
 """
 get:
 Return a user instance
 """
 queryset = MyUser.objects.all()
 serializer_class = UserSerializer


class SnippetHighlight(generics.GenericAPIView):
 """
 get:
 Return a highlight instance
 """
 queryset = Snippet.objects.all()
 renderer_classes = (renderers.StaticHTMLRenderer,)

 def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
 snippet = self.get_object()
 return Response(snippet.highlighted)

3.配置urls.py

from rest_framework.schemas import get_schema_view
from rest_framework_swagger.renderers import SwaggerUIRenderer, OpenAPICodec
schema_view = get_schema_view(title='API', renderer_classes=[SwaggerUIRenderer, OpenAPICodec])

urlpatterns = [
 
 ...

 url(r'docs/', schema_view, name='docs')

 ...
]

运行manage.py后，浏览器访问 http://127.0.0.1:8000/，可以看到以下内容：