class BaseSchema(models.Model):
 ...
 def test_status(self):
 # pdb.set_trace()
 if datetime.date.today() < self.test_start_date:
  return '未到测试区间'
 elif self.test_end_date and datetime.date.today() > self.test_end_date:
  return format_html('<p style="color: red">已下线</p>')
 else:
  return format_html('<p style="color: green">进行中</p>')

 test_status.short_description = u'测试状态'

list_filter = ('test_status')

The value of 'list_filter[0]' refers to 'test_status', which does not refer to a Field. 

from django.contrib.admin import SimpleListFilter

class CountryFilter(SimpleListFilter):
 title = 'country' # or use _('country') for translated title
 parameter_name = 'country'

 def lookups(self, request, model_admin):
 countries = set([c.country for c in model_admin.model.objects.all()])
 return [(c.id, c.name) for c in countries] + [
  ('AFRICA', 'AFRICA - ALL')]

 def queryset(self, request, queryset):
 if self.value() == 'AFRICA':
  return queryset.filter(country__continent='Africa')
 if self.value():
  return queryset.filter(country__id__exact=self.value())

class CityAdmin(ModelAdmin):
 list_filter = (CountryFilter,)

class StatusFilter(SimpleListFilter):
 title = 'status'
 parameter_name = 'status'

 def lookups(self, request, model_admin):
 return [(1, '已下线'), (2, '进行中'), (3, '未到测试区间')]

 def queryset(self, request, queryset):
 this_day = datetime.date.today()
 # pdb.set_trace()
 if self.value() == '3':
  return queryset.filter(test_start_date__gt=this_day)
 elif self.value() == '1':
  return queryset.filter(test_end_date__lt=this_day)
 elif self.value() == '2':
  return queryset.filter(test_end_date__gte=this_day, test_start_date__lte=this_day)

list_filter = (StatusFilter，)