因为最近接触到调用新浪微博开放接口的项目,所以就想试试用python调用微博API。
SDK下载地址:http://open.weibo.com/wiki/SDK 代码不多十几K,完全可以看懂。
有微博账号可以新建一个APP,然后就可以得到app key和app secret,这个是APP获得OAuth2.0授权所必须的。
了解OAuth2可以查看链接新浪微博的说明。 OAuth2授权参数除了需要app key和app secret还需要网站回调地址redirect_uri,并且这个回调地址不允许是局域网的(神马localhost,127.0.0.1好像都不行),这个着实让我着急了半天。我使用API也不是网站调用,于是查了很多。看到有人写可以用这个地址替代,https://api.weibo.com/oauth2/default.html,我试了一下果然可以,对于屌丝来说是个好消息。
下面先来个简单的程序,感受一下:
设置好以下参数
import sys import weibo import webbrowser APP_KEY = '' MY_APP_SECRET = '' REDIRECT_URL = 'https://api.weibo.com/oauth2/default.html'
获得微博授权URL,如第2行,用默认浏览器打开后会要求登陆微博,用需要授权的账号登陆,如下图
api = weibo.APIClient(app_key=APP_KEY,app_secret=MY_APP_SECRET,redirect_uri=REDIRECT_URL) authorize_url = api.get_authorize_url() print(authorize_url) webbrowser.open_new(authorize_url)
登陆后会调转到一个连接https://api.weibo.com/oauth2/default.html"htmlcode">
request = api.request_access_token(code, REDIRECT_URL) access_token = request.access_token expires_in = request.expires_in api.set_access_token(access_token, expires_in) api.statuses.update.post(status=u'Test OAuth 2.0 Send a Weibo!')
access_token就是获得的token,expires_in是授权的过期时间 (UNIX时间)
用set_access_token保存授权。往下就可以调用微博接口了。测试发了一条微博
但是这样的手动输入code方式,不适合程序的调用,是否可以不用打开链接的方式来请求登陆获取授权,经多方查找和参考,将程序改进如下,可以实现自动获取code并保存,方便程序服务调用。
accessWeibo # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- #/usr/bin/env python #access to SinaWeibo By sinaweibopy #实现微博自动登录,token自动生成,保存及更新 #适合于后端服务调用 from weibo import APIClient import pymongo import sys, os, urllib, urllib2 from http_helper import * from retry import * try: import json except ImportError: import simplejson as json # setting sys encoding to utf-8 default_encoding = 'utf-8' if sys.getdefaultencoding() != default_encoding: reload(sys) sys.setdefaultencoding(default_encoding) # weibo api访问配置 APP_KEY = '' # app key APP_SECRET = '' # app secret REDIRECT_URL = 'https://api.weibo.com/oauth2/default.html' # callback url 授权回调页,与OAuth2.0 授权设置的一致 USERID = '' # 登陆的微博用户名,必须是OAuth2.0 设置的测试账号 USERPASSWD = '' # 用户密码 client = APIClient(app_key=APP_KEY, app_secret=APP_SECRET, redirect_uri=REDIRECT_URL) def make_access_token(): #请求access token params = urllib.urlencode({ 'action':'submit', 'withOfficalFlag':'0', 'ticket':'', 'isLoginSina':'', 'response_type':'code', 'regCallback':'', 'redirect_uri':REDIRECT_URL, 'client_id':APP_KEY, 'state':'', 'from':'', 'userId':USERID, 'passwd':USERPASSWD, }) login_url = 'https://api.weibo.com/oauth2/authorize' url = client.get_authorize_url() content = urllib2.urlopen(url) if content: headers = { 'Referer' : url } request = urllib2.Request(login_url, params, headers) opener = get_opener(False) urllib2.install_opener(opener) try: f = opener.open(request) return_redirect_uri = f.url except urllib2.HTTPError, e: return_redirect_uri = e.geturl() # 取到返回的code code = return_redirect_uri.split('=')[1] #得到token token = client.request_access_token(code,REDIRECT_URL) save_access_token(token) def save_access_token(token): #将access token保存到MongoDB数据库 mongoCon=pymongo.Connection(host="127.0.0.1",port=27017) db= mongoCon.weibo t={ "access_token":token['access_token'], "expires_in":str(token['expires_in']), "date":time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',time.localtime(time.time())) } db.token.insert(t,safe=True) #Decorator 目的是当调用make_access_token()后再执行一次apply_access_token() @retry(1) def apply_access_token(): #从MongoDB读取及设置access token try: mongoCon=pymongo.Connection(host="127.0.0.1",port=27017) db= mongoCon.weibo if db.token.count()>0: tokenInfos=db.token.find().sort([("_id",pymongo.DESCENDING)]).limit(1) else: make_access_token() return False for tokenInfo in tokenInfos: access_token=tokenInfo["access_token"] expires_in=tokenInfo["expires_in"] try: client.set_access_token(access_token, expires_in) except StandardError, e: if hasattr(e, 'error'): if e.error == 'expired_token': # token过期重新生成 make_access_token() return False else: pass except: make_access_token() return False return True if __name__ == "__main__": apply_access_token() # 以下为访问微博api的应用逻辑 # 以发布文字微博接口为例 client.statuses.update.post(status='Test OAuth 2.0 Send a Weibo!')
retry.py import math import time # Retry decorator with exponential backoff def retry(tries, delay=1, backoff=2): """Retries a function or method until it returns True. delay sets the initial delay, and backoff sets how much the delay should lengthen after each failure. backoff must be greater than 1, or else it isn't really a backoff. tries must be at least 0, and delay greater than 0.""" if backoff <= 1: raise ValueError("backoff must be greater than 1") tries = math.floor(tries) if tries < 0: raise ValueError("tries must be 0 or greater") if delay <= 0: raise ValueError("delay must be greater than 0") def deco_retry(f): def f_retry(*args, **kwargs): mtries, mdelay = tries, delay # make mutable rv = f(*args, **kwargs) # first attempt while mtries > 0: if rv == True or type(rv) == str: # Done on success .. return rv mtries -= 1 # consume an attempt time.sleep(mdelay) # wait... mdelay *= backoff # make future wait longer rv = f(*args, **kwargs) # Try again return False # Ran out of tries :-( return f_retry # true decorator -> decorated function return deco_retry # @retry(arg[, ...]) -> true decorator
http_helper.py # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- #/usr/bin/env python import urllib2,cookielib class SmartRedirectHandler(urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler): def http_error_301(cls, req, fp, code, msg, headers): result = urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler.http_error_301(cls, req, fp, code, msg, headers) result.status = code print headers return result def http_error_302(cls, req, fp, code, msg, headers): result = urllib2.HTTPRedirectHandler.http_error_302(cls, req, fp, code, msg, headers) result.status = code print headers return result def get_cookie(): cookies = cookielib.CookieJar() return urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookies) def get_opener(proxy=False): rv=urllib2.build_opener(get_cookie(), SmartRedirectHandler()) rv.addheaders = [('User-agent', 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1)')] return rv
python,新浪微博,API
P70系列延期,华为新旗舰将在下月发布
3月20日消息,近期博主@数码闲聊站 透露,原定三月份发布的华为新旗舰P70系列延期发布,预计4月份上市。
而博主@定焦数码 爆料,华为的P70系列在定位上已经超过了Mate60,成为了重要的旗舰系列之一。它肩负着重返影像领域顶尖的使命。那么这次P70会带来哪些令人惊艳的创新呢?
根据目前爆料的消息来看,华为P70系列将推出三个版本,其中P70和P70 Pro采用了三角形的摄像头模组设计,而P70 Art则采用了与上一代P60 Art相似的不规则形状设计。这样的外观是否好看见仁见智,但辨识度绝对拉满。
更新日志
- 小骆驼-《草原狼2(蓝光CD)》[原抓WAV+CUE]
- 群星《欢迎来到我身边 电影原声专辑》[320K/MP3][105.02MB]
- 群星《欢迎来到我身边 电影原声专辑》[FLAC/分轨][480.9MB]
- 雷婷《梦里蓝天HQⅡ》 2023头版限量编号低速原抓[WAV+CUE][463M]
- 群星《2024好听新歌42》AI调整音效【WAV分轨】
- 王思雨-《思念陪着鸿雁飞》WAV
- 王思雨《喜马拉雅HQ》头版限量编号[WAV+CUE]
- 李健《无时无刻》[WAV+CUE][590M]
- 陈奕迅《酝酿》[WAV分轨][502M]
- 卓依婷《化蝶》2CD[WAV+CUE][1.1G]
- 群星《吉他王(黑胶CD)》[WAV+CUE]
- 齐秦《穿乐(穿越)》[WAV+CUE]
- 发烧珍品《数位CD音响测试-动向效果(九)》【WAV+CUE】
- 邝美云《邝美云精装歌集》[DSF][1.6G]
- 吕方《爱一回伤一回》[WAV+CUE][454M]