MySQL5.7.8中引入了json字段,这种类型的字段使用的频率比较低,但是在实际操作中,有些业务仍然在用,我们以此为例,介绍下json字段的操作方法:
还是从例子看起:
mysql> create table test1(id int,info json);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> insert into test1 values (1,'{"name":"yeyz","age":26}'),(2,'{"name":"zhangsan","age":30}'),(3,'{"name":"lisi","age":35}');
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.02 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select * from test1;
+------+---------------------------------+
| id  | info              |
+------+---------------------------------+
|  1 | {"age": 26, "name": "yeyz"}   |
|  2 | {"age": 30, "name": "zhangsan"} |
|  3 | {"age": 35, "name": "lisi"}   |
+------+---------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
首先我们创建了一个表test1,其中id是int字段,info是json字段,插入了三条数据,如上:
mysql> select * from test1 where json_extract(info,"$.age")>=30;
+------+---------------------------------+
| id  | info              |
+------+---------------------------------+
|  2 | {"age": 30, "name": "zhangsan"} |
|  3 | {"age": 35, "name": "lisi"}   |
+------+---------------------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
我们可以通过json_extract的方法得到json中的内容。其中:
1、$符号代表的是json的根目录,
2、我们使用$.age相当于取出来了json中的age字段,
3、当然,在函数最前面,应该写上字段名字info
下面来看json中常用的函数:
a、json_valid判断是否是json字段,如果是,返回1,如果不是,返回0
mysql> select json_valid(2);
+---------------+
| json_valid(2) |
+---------------+
|       0 |
+---------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select json_valid('{"num":2}');
+-------------------------+
| json_valid('{"num":2}') |
+-------------------------+
|            1 |
+-------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select json_valid('2');
+-----------------+
| json_valid('2') |
+-----------------+
|        1 |
+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select json_valid('name');
+--------------------+
| json_valid('name') |
+--------------------+
|         0 |
+--------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
这里需要注意的是,如果传入了字符串2,那么,返回结果是1
b、json_keys传回执行json字段最上一层的key值
mysql> select json_keys('{"name":"yeyz","score":100}');
+------------------------------------------+
| json_keys('{"name":"yeyz","score":100}') |
+------------------------------------------+
| ["name", "score"]            |
+------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select json_keys('{"name":"yeyz","score":{"math":100,"English":95}}');
+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| json_keys('{"name":"yeyz","score":{"math":100,"English":95}}') |
+----------------------------------------------------------------+
| ["name", "score"]                       |
+----------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#如果有多层,可以在最后面使用$的方法,拿到其中的某一层的目录
mysql> select json_keys('{"name":"yeyz","score":{"math":100,"English":95}}','$.score');
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| json_keys('{"name":"yeyz","score":{"math":100,"English":95}}','$.score') |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| ["math", "English"]                           |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
c、json_length函数,返回最上一层的key个数,如果想取到中间的某一层,则可以使用$的方法,如下:
mysql> select json_length('{"name":"yeyz","score":{"math":100,"English":95},"age":26}');
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| json_length('{"name":"yeyz","score":{"math":100,"English":95},"age":26}') |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                     3 |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select json_length('{"name":"yeyz","score":{"math":100,"English":95},"age":26}','$.score');
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| json_length('{"name":"yeyz","score":{"math":100,"English":95},"age":26}','$.score') |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                          2 |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
d、json_depth函数,json文件的深度,测试例子如下:
mysql> select json_depth('{"aaa":1}'),json_depth('{}');
+-------------------------+------------------+
| json_depth('{"aaa":1}') | json_depth('{}') |
+-------------------------+------------------+
|            2 |        1 |
+-------------------------+------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select json_depth('{"name":"yeyz","score":{"math":100,"English":95},"age":26}');
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| json_depth('{"name":"yeyz","score":{"math":100,"English":95},"age":26}') |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|                                    3 |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
这里需要注意的是,形如{'aa':1}这种形式的json,其深度是2
e、json_contains_path函数检索json中是否有一个或者多个成员。
mysql> set @j='{"a":1,"b":2,"c":{"d":4}}';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#one的意思是只要包含一个成员,就返回1
mysql> select json_contains_path(@j,'one','$.a','$.e');
+------------------------------------------+
| json_contains_path(@j,'one','$.a','$.e') |
+------------------------------------------+
|                    1 |
+------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#all的意思是所有的成员都包含,才返回1
mysql> select json_contains_path(@j,'all','$.a','$.e');
+------------------------------------------+
| json_contains_path(@j,'all','$.a','$.e') |
+------------------------------------------+
|                    0 |
+------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select json_contains_path(@j,'one','$.c.d');
+--------------------------------------+
| json_contains_path(@j,'one','$.c.d') |
+--------------------------------------+
|                  1 |
+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select json_contains_path(@j,'one','$.a.d');
+--------------------------------------+
| json_contains_path(@j,'one','$.a.d') |
+--------------------------------------+
|                  0 |
+--------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
f、json_type函数,判断json中的成员的类型,需要和json_extract结合起来使用。
mysql> select * from test1;
+------+---------------------------------+
| id  | info              |
+------+---------------------------------+
|  1 | {"age": 26, "name": "yeyz"}   |
|  2 | {"age": 30, "name": "zhangsan"} |
|  3 | {"age": 35, "name": "lisi"}   |
+------+---------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#判断name的类型
mysql> select json_type(json_extract(info,"$.name")) from test1;
+----------------------------------------+
| json_type(json_extract(info,"$.name")) |
+----------------------------------------+
| STRING                 |
| STRING                 |
| STRING                 |
+----------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#判断age的类型
mysql> select json_type(json_extract(info,"$.age")) from test1;
+---------------------------------------+
| json_type(json_extract(info,"$.age")) |
+---------------------------------------+
| INTEGER                |
| INTEGER                |
| INTEGER                |
+---------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#判断name和age组合起来的类型,可以看到是array
mysql> select json_type(json_extract(info,"$.name","$.age")) from test1;
+------------------------------------------------+
| json_type(json_extract(info,"$.name","$.age")) |
+------------------------------------------------+
| ARRAY                     |
| ARRAY                     |
| ARRAY                     |
+------------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
g、*的作用,所有的值,看下面的例子。
{
 "a":1,
 "b":2,
 "c":
   {
    "d":4
   }
 "e":
   {
   "d":
     {
     "ddd":
     "5"
     }
   }
}
mysql> set @j='{"a":1,"b":2,"c":{"d":4},"e":{"d":{"ddd":"5"}}}';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#所有成员
mysql> select json_extract(@j,'$.*');
+---------------------------------------+
| json_extract(@j,'$.*')        |
+---------------------------------------+
| [1, 2, {"d": 4}, {"d": {"ddd": "5"}}] |
+---------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
#所有成员中的d成员
mysql> select json_extract(@j,'$.*.d');
+--------------------------+
| json_extract(@j,'$.*.d') |
+--------------------------+
| [4, {"ddd": "5"}]    |
+--------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
以上就是MySQL中json字段的操作方法的详细内容,更多关于MySQL json字段的资料请关注其它相关文章!
稳了!魔兽国服回归的3条重磅消息!官宣时间再确认!
昨天有一位朋友在大神群里分享,自己亚服账号被封号之后居然弹出了国服的封号信息对话框。
这里面让他访问的是一个国服的战网网址,com.cn和后面的zh都非常明白地表明这就是国服战网。
而他在复制这个网址并且进行登录之后,确实是网易的网址,也就是我们熟悉的停服之后国服发布的暴雪游戏产品运营到期开放退款的说明。这是一件比较奇怪的事情,因为以前都没有出现这样的情况,现在突然提示跳转到国服战网的网址,是不是说明了简体中文客户端已经开始进行更新了呢?
更新日志
- 小骆驼-《草原狼2(蓝光CD)》[原抓WAV+CUE]
 - 群星《欢迎来到我身边 电影原声专辑》[320K/MP3][105.02MB]
 - 群星《欢迎来到我身边 电影原声专辑》[FLAC/分轨][480.9MB]
 - 雷婷《梦里蓝天HQⅡ》 2023头版限量编号低速原抓[WAV+CUE][463M]
 - 群星《2024好听新歌42》AI调整音效【WAV分轨】
 - 王思雨-《思念陪着鸿雁飞》WAV
 - 王思雨《喜马拉雅HQ》头版限量编号[WAV+CUE]
 - 李健《无时无刻》[WAV+CUE][590M]
 - 陈奕迅《酝酿》[WAV分轨][502M]
 - 卓依婷《化蝶》2CD[WAV+CUE][1.1G]
 - 群星《吉他王(黑胶CD)》[WAV+CUE]
 - 齐秦《穿乐(穿越)》[WAV+CUE]
 - 发烧珍品《数位CD音响测试-动向效果(九)》【WAV+CUE】
 - 邝美云《邝美云精装歌集》[DSF][1.6G]
 - 吕方《爱一回伤一回》[WAV+CUE][454M]