索引膨胀的几个来源:

1 大量删除发生后,导致索引页面稀疏,降低了索引使用效率。

2 PostgresQL 9.0之前的版本,vacuum full 会同样导致索引页面稀疏。

3 长时间运行的事务,禁止vacuum对表的清理工作,因而导致页面稀疏状态一直保持。

查看重复索引

SELECT pg_size_pretty(SUM(pg_relation_size(idx))::BIGINT) AS SIZE,
  (array_agg(idx))[1] AS idx1, (array_agg(idx))[2] AS idx2,
  (array_agg(idx))[3] AS idx3, (array_agg(idx))[4] AS idx4
FROM (
 SELECT indexrelid::regclass AS idx, (indrelid::text ||E'\n'|| indclass::text ||E'\n'|| indkey::text ||E'\n'||
           COALESCE(indexprs::text,'')||E'\n' || COALESCE(indpred::text,'')) AS KEY
 FROM pg_index) sub
GROUP BY KEY HAVING COUNT(*)>1
ORDER BY SUM(pg_relation_size(idx)) DESC;

表的大小和表中索引个数

SELECT
 t.tablename,
 indexname,
 c.reltuples AS num_rows,
 pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size(quote_ident(t.tablename)::text)) AS table_size,
 pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size(quote_ident(indexrelname)::text)) AS index_size,
 CASE WHEN indisunique THEN 'Y'
  ELSE 'N'
 END AS UNIQUE,
 idx_scan AS number_of_scans,
 idx_tup_read AS tuples_read,
 idx_tup_fetch AS tuples_fetched
FROM pg_tables t
LEFT OUTER JOIN pg_class c ON t.tablename=c.relname
LEFT OUTER JOIN
 ( SELECT c.relname AS ctablename, ipg.relname AS indexname, x.indnatts AS number_of_columns, idx_scan, idx_tup_read, idx_tup_fetch, indexrelname, indisunique FROM pg_index x
   JOIN pg_class c ON c.oid = x.indrelid
   JOIN pg_class ipg ON ipg.oid = x.indexrelid
   JOIN pg_stat_all_indexes psai ON x.indexrelid = psai.indexrelid )
 AS foo
 ON t.tablename = foo.ctablename
WHERE t.schemaname='public'
ORDER BY 1,2;

获取每个表的行数,索引和一些关于这些索引的信息(比较详细)

SELECT
 pg_class.relname,
 pg_size_pretty(pg_class.reltuples::BIGINT) AS rows_in_bytes,
 pg_class.reltuples AS num_rows,
 COUNT(indexname) AS number_of_indexes,
 CASE WHEN x.is_unique = 1 THEN 'Y'
  ELSE 'N'
 END AS UNIQUE,
 SUM(CASE WHEN number_of_columns = 1 THEN 1
    ELSE 0
   END) AS single_column,
 SUM(CASE WHEN number_of_columns IS NULL THEN 0
    WHEN number_of_columns = 1 THEN 0
    ELSE 1
   END) AS multi_column
FROM pg_namespace 
LEFT OUTER JOIN pg_class ON pg_namespace.oid = pg_class.relnamespace
LEFT OUTER JOIN
  (SELECT indrelid,
   MAX(CAST(indisunique AS INTEGER)) AS is_unique
  FROM pg_index
  GROUP BY indrelid) x
  ON pg_class.oid = x.indrelid
LEFT OUTER JOIN
 ( SELECT c.relname AS ctablename, ipg.relname AS indexname, x.indnatts AS number_of_columns FROM pg_index x
   JOIN pg_class c ON c.oid = x.indrelid
   JOIN pg_class ipg ON ipg.oid = x.indexrelid )
 AS foo
 ON pg_class.relname = foo.ctablename
WHERE 
  pg_namespace.nspname='public'
AND pg_class.relkind = 'r'
GROUP BY pg_class.relname, pg_class.reltuples, x.is_unique
ORDER BY 2;

补充:postgresql查看表膨胀

查看表膨胀(对所有表产进行膨胀率排序)

SQL文如下:

SELECT
 schemaname||'.'||relname as table_name,
 pg_size_pretty(pg_relation_size(schemaname||'.'||relname)) as table_size,
 n_dead_tup,
 n_live_tup,
 round(n_dead_tup * 100 / (n_live_tup + n_dead_tup),2) AS dead_tup_ratio
FROM
 pg_stat_all_tables
WHERE
 n_dead_tup >= 1000
ORDER BY dead_tup_ratio DESC
LIMIT 10;

以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方,望不吝赐教。

标签:
postgresql,表和索引,膨胀

免责声明:本站文章均来自网站采集或用户投稿,网站不提供任何软件下载或自行开发的软件! 如有用户或公司发现本站内容信息存在侵权行为,请邮件告知! 858582#qq.com
白云城资源网 Copyright www.dyhadc.com

稳了!魔兽国服回归的3条重磅消息!官宣时间再确认!

昨天有一位朋友在大神群里分享,自己亚服账号被封号之后居然弹出了国服的封号信息对话框。

这里面让他访问的是一个国服的战网网址,com.cn和后面的zh都非常明白地表明这就是国服战网。

而他在复制这个网址并且进行登录之后,确实是网易的网址,也就是我们熟悉的停服之后国服发布的暴雪游戏产品运营到期开放退款的说明。这是一件比较奇怪的事情,因为以前都没有出现这样的情况,现在突然提示跳转到国服战网的网址,是不是说明了简体中文客户端已经开始进行更新了呢?