详解nginx rewrite和根据url参数location

服务器 2024/12/23 佚名

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最近项目中涉及到旧老项目迁移，需要在nginx上做些配置，所以简单学习了下，好记性不如烂笔头，先记下来。

rewrite

首先查看下nginx是否支持rewrite：

./nginx -V

不支持说明安装nginx时候缺少pcre,需要重新安装nginx：

#安装pcre
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.34.tar.gz
tar -zxvf pcre-8.34.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.34
./configure
make
make install
#安装nginx
cd nginx-1.0.12
./configure --conf-path=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf --pid-path=/usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid --with-http_ssl_module --with-pcre=/usr/local/src/pcre-8.34 make
make install
#启动nginx
./nginx
#重启nginx
./nginx –s reload

示例：

比如现有如下的nginx配置：

worker_processes 24;
#worker_cpu_affinity 0000000000000001;

worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

error_log logs/error.log crit;

pid    logs/nginx.pid;

events {
  use  epoll; 
  worker_connections 2048000;
}


http {
  include    mime.types;
  default_type application/octet-stream;
  charset utf-8;

  sendfile    on;
  tcp_nopush   on;
  tcp_nodelay   on;
  keepalive_timeout 60;
  client_max_body_size    10m; 
  client_body_buffer_size   128k; 

  upstream log { 
   server 192.168.80.147:8338;

  }

  server {
    listen    6061;
    server_name 192.168.71.51;

    location / { 
      proxy_pass         http://log; 
      proxy_redirect       off; 
      proxy_set_header      Host $host; 
      proxy_set_header      Remote_Addr $remote_addr; 
      proxy_set_header  X-REAL-IP $remote_addr; 
      proxy_set_header      X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; 
     
      proxy_connect_timeout    90; 
      proxy_send_timeout     90; 
      proxy_read_timeout     90; 
      proxy_buffer_size      4k; 
      proxy_buffers        4 32k; 
      proxy_busy_buffers_size   64k; 
      proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
    } 

    error_page  500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
      root  html;
    }

  log_format log '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
           '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
           '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log logs/access_log.log log;

    
    #设定查看Nginx状态的地址  
    location /NginxStatus { 
    #stub_status on;  
    access_log on;  
    auth_basic "NginxStatus";  
    #auth_basic_user_file conf/htpasswd;  
    }
  }
}

现在需要作如下的重定向：

192.168.71.51/log.aspx –> 192.168.80.147:8338/log

192.168.71.51/do.aspx –> 192.168.80.147:8338/do

192.168.71.51/uplog.aspx –> 192.168.80.147:8338/log

可以如下配置：

server {
    listen    6061;
    server_name 192.168.71.51;

  rewrite ^(.*)("http://192.168.71.51:6061/do1.aspx">http://192.168.71.51:6061/do1.aspx"htmlcode">

……
upstream other { 
  server 192.168.71.41:2210;

   }
……



然后在location里增加如下的判断即可：




……
location / { 

    if ( $query_string ~* ^(.*)c=config\b|uplog\b(.*)$ ){
     proxy_pass         http://other; 
    }
……



关键是标红的行，$query_string表示url参数，后面是标准的正则匹配，需要的注意的是nginx中if有很多限制，语法很苛刻，具体参看上面的文档。
 很简单却很实用的配置，希望能帮到正在找这方面信息的同学。

nginx,rewrite,传参数, nginx,url,rewrite,nginx,location,url

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